Obento Supreme Unit 4 Grammar Notes

Textbook

2023.11.122023.11.06

Grammar Notes Obento Supreme Unit 4

この記事は約10分で読めます。

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Vocabulary

Seasons

English	Kana	Kanji	Romaji	Romaji (with space)
season	きせつ		kisetsu	ki se tsu
spring	はる	春	haru	ha ru
summer	なつ	夏	natsu	na tsu
autumn	あき	秋	aki	a ki
winter	ふゆ	冬	fuyu	fu yu

Spring activities

English	Kana	Romaji	Romaji one by one
to go flower viewing	はなみ　を　します	hanami wo shimasu	ha na mi wo shi ma su

Summer activities

English	Kana	Kana + Kanji	Romaji	Romaji one by one
to see the fireworks	はなび　を　みます	はな火　を　みます	hanabi wo mimasu	ha na bi wo mi ma su
to go fishing	つり　を　します		tsuri wo shimasu	tsu ri wo shi ma su
to swim	およぎます		oyogimasu	o yo gi ma su
to have a swim	すいえい　を　します	水えい　を　します	suiei wo shimasu	su i e i wo shi ma su
to go to the river	かわ　に　いきます		kawa ni ikimasu	ka wa ni i ki ma su
to climb a mountain	やまのぼり　を　します		yamanobori wo shimasu	ya ma no bo ri wo shi ma su
to go to a festival	まつり　に　いきます		matsuri ni ikimasu	ma tsu ri ni i ki ma su

Autumn activities

English	Kana	Kana + Kanji	Romaji	Romaji one by one
to view the autumn leaves	こうよう　を　みます		kouyou wo mimasu	ko u yo u wo mi ma su
to go moon viewing	おつきみ　を　します	お月み　を　します	otsukimi wo shimasu	o tsu ki mi wo shi ma su

Winter activities

English	Kana	Romaji	Romaji one by one
to ski	スキー　を　します	sukii wo shimasu	su ki i wo shi ma su
to snowboard	スノーボード　を　します	sunooboodo wo shimasu	su no o bo o do wo shi ma su
to make a snowman	ゆきだるま　を　つくります	yukidaruma wo tsukurimasu	yu ki da ru ma wo tsu ku ri ma su

All year round activities

English	Kana	Romaji	Romaji one by one
to play, hang out	あそびます	asobimasu	a so bi ma su
to go out	でかけます	dekakemasu	de ka ke ma su
to take a walk	さんぽ　を　します	sanpo wo shimasu	sa n po wo shi ma su
to hike	ハイキング　を　します	haikingu wo shimasu	ha i ki n gu wo shi ma su
to go cycling	サイクリング　を　します	saikuringu wo shimasu	sa i ku ri n gu wo shi ma su
to go for a drive	ドライブ　を　します	doraibu wo shimasu	do ra i bu wo shi ma su
to travel	りょこう　を　します	ryokou wo shimasu	ryo ko u wo shi ma su
to play cards	トランプ　を　します	toranpu wo shimasu	to ra n pu wo shi ma su
to play the piano	ピアノ　を　ひきます	piano wo hikimasu	pi a no wo hi ki ma su
to get into a hot spring	おんせん　に　はいります	onsen ni hairimasu	o n se n ni ha i ri ma su

Weather

English	Kana	Romaji	Romaji one by one
sunny	はれ	hare	ha re
cloudy	くもり	kumori	ku mo ri
rain, rainy	あめ	ame	a me
snow, snowy	ゆき	yuki	yu ki
windy	かぜ　が　つよい	kaze ga tsuyoi	ka ze ga tsu yo i
typhoon	たいふう	taifuu	ta i fu u
storm	あらし	arashi	a ra shi
blizzard	ふぶき	fubuki	fu bu ki

English	Kana	Romaji	Romaji one by one
weather	てんき	tenki	te n ki
weather report	てんきよほう	tenkiyohou	te n ki yo ho u
sometimes	ときどき	tokidoki	to ki do ki
then	のち	nochi	no chi

Temperature

English	Kana	Kana + Kanji	Romaji	Romaji one by one
maximum temperature	さいこう　きおん		saikoukion	sa i ko u ki o n
minimum temperature	さいてい　きおん		saiteikion	sa i te i ki o n
what temperature	なんど	何ど	nando	na n do
degrees	ど		do	do
zero degrees	れいど		reido	re i do

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Kanji

春（はる）

English	Kana	Kana + Kanji	Romaji	Romaji one by one
spring holiday	はるやすみ	春休み	haruyasumi	ha ru ya su mi

On this page, you can learn words with 春.

夏（なつ）

English	Kana	Kana + Kanji	Romaji	Romaji one by one
summer holiday	なつやすみ	夏休み	natsuyasumi	na tsu ya su mi

On this page, you can learn words with 夏.

秋（あき）

English	Kana	Kana + Kanji	Romaji	Romaji one by one
autumn festival	あきまつり	秋まつり	akimatsuri	a ki ma tsu ri

On this page, you can learn words with 秋.

冬（ふゆ）

English	Kana	Kana + Kanji	Romaji	Romaji one by one
winter holiday	ふゆやすみ	冬休み	fuyuyasumi	fu yu ya su mi

Let's learn how to write 冬 with the correct stroke order. You can also learn words and sentences with the Kanji.

You can learn words such as 冬休み on this page.

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Grammar

want to

Sentence Pattern

Stem Form + たいです。(want to verb)

れい

はなび　を　み　たいです。

(I want to see fireworks.)

Thorough Explanation

【Japanese Grammar: Form】Verb Stem Form

On this page, you can learn what Verb Stem Form is and how it is used in a sentence.

【Japanese Grammar】verb stem form + たいです (taidesu) = want to + verb

On this page, you can learn Japanese grammar for 'want to + verb'.

In SEASON, PERSON VERB ACTIVITY.

Sentence Pattern

season に, person は activity を verb。(In SEASON, PERSON VERB ACTIVITY.)

れい

なつ　に、　わたし　は　はな火び　を　みます。

(In summer, I see fireworks.)

PERSON go to PLACE to do ACTIVITY.

Sentence Pattern

person は place に activity にいきます。(PERSON go to PLACE to do ACTIVITY.)

れい

わたし　は　やま　に　ハイキング　に　いきます。

(I go to the mountains to do hiking.)

れい２

わたし　は　まち　に　えいが　を　み　に　いきます。

(I go to the town to watch movies.)

せんせい

せんせい

NOTE: Stem Form is needed in red above.

Verb Stem Form + に　いきます

たべ　に　いきます　(go to eat)
のみ　に　いきます　(go to drink)
およぎ　に　いきます　(go to swim)
べんきょうし　に　いきます　(go to study)
きき　に　いきます　(go to listen)
し　に　いきます　(go to do)

Describing the weather now

Sentence Pattern

Q：きょう　の　てんき　は　どうですか。(How is the weather today?)

A：きょう　の　てんき　は WEATHER です。(It is WEATHER today.)

れい

きょう　の　てんき　は　くもり　です。(It is cloudy today.)

You can skip の　てんき (underline in yellow above) if it is obvious that you talk about the weather.

きょう　は　くもり　です。(It is cloudy today.)

Describing the weather in the past

Sentence Pattern

Q：きのう　の　てんき　は　どうでしたか。(How was the weather yesterday?)

A：きのう　の　てんき　は WEATHER でした。(It was WEATHER yesterday.)

れい

きのう　の　てんき　は　はれ　でした。(It was sunny yesterday.)

You can skip の　てんき (underline in yellow above) if it is obvious that you talk about the weather.

きのう　は　はれ　でした。(It was sunny yesterday.)

Describing the weather in the future

Sentence Pattern

Q：あした　の　てんき　は　どうでしょうか。(How will be the weather tomorrow?)

A：あした　の　てんき　は WEATHER でしょう。(It will be WEATHER tomorrow.)

れい

あした　の　てんき　は　あめ　でしょう。(It will be rainy tomorrow.)

You can skip の　てんき (underline in yellow above) if it is obvious that you talk about the weather.

あした　は　あめ　でしょう。(It will be rainy tomorrow.)

Discussing temperature

Sentence Pattern

Q：さいこうきおん　は　何ど　ですか。(What is the maximum temperature?)

A：さいこうきおん　は　NUMBER ど　です。(The maximum temperature is NUMBER degrees.)

れい

さいこうきおん　は　三十一ど　です。(The maximum temperatuer is 31 degrees.)